{"schema_version":2,"updated":"2026-10-24T07:57:30.351Z","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","cite_as":"Own Your Mind, \"Decentralised AI Freedom and Returns score dataset\", https://ownyourmind.ai/integrity/","attribution":"Own Your Mind (ownyourmind.ai). Link the specific project review when citing a single project.","integrity_notice":{"summary":"Each integrity record carries its own record_type, verdict and assessment_level. A 'claim' record quotes the project's own published statement; a 'reported' value is that claim, not a verified fact, unless verdict is 'match'. A 'finding' record is our own measurement and grades no one's claim. assessment_level 'not-assessed' means unchecked, never clean. Findings are dated snapshots, not a live feed.","verdicts":{"match":"verified against independent data","inflated":"reported higher than independent data shows","understated":"reported lower than independent data shows","outdated":"was accurate when reported; on-chain reality has since moved","established":"our own independent measurement; there is no project claim to grade","unverified":"independently checkable, not yet checked","unverifiable":"checked, could not independently confirm"},"record_types":{"claim":"the project's own published statement, quoted verbatim, graded against independent data","finding":"our own measurement for a score dimension; no claimant and never a verdict on a claim"},"methodology":"https://ownyourmind.ai/resources/integrity-checks/"},"slug":"peaq","markdown":"https://ownyourmind.ai/projects/peaq.md","title":"peaq","token":"PEAQ","category":"other","freedomScore":5.2,"returnsScore":4.6,"freedomGrade":"D","returnsGrade":"D","url":"https://ownyourmind.ai/projects/peaq/","integrity":{"assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","last_assessed":"2026-09-24","emission_honesty":null,"reconciliations":[{"metric":"gross_fees","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"peaq's chain transaction fees are small: Token Terminal's fee series has fallen to a few hundred dollars a month, and our own count of EVM gas, annualised from one full day, is of the same order as Token Terminal's trailing-year total.","independent":{"value":"Token Terminal reads ~$100K of chain fees all-time and ~$19K over the trailing twelve months, peaking near $19.7K in a single month in March 2025 and down to ~$236 in August 2026. Our own EVM gas count read 429,920 PEAQ a year on 13 October 2026, annualised from every block in the previous 24 hours, about $17K at that day's CoinGecko price. The two are not one population: Token Terminal reads the Substrate TransactionFeesDistributed event, and EVM traffic is bursty enough that one day can sit far above the monthly run-rate, so neither is the larger leg on this evidence. Before 13 October the index sampled a few windows and read 62K to 250K PEAQ a year depending on whether a window caught a burst. DeFiLlama's chain#peaq adapter reads ~$177 a year equivalent and is not usable.","source":"Token Terminal peaq financial statement (monthly fees, Nov 2024 to Aug 2026), cross-read against the OYM EVM gas sampling (scripts/refresh-peaq-fees.ts)"},"assessed_date":"2026-10-13","severity":"info"},{"metric":"app_layer_fees","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"Application billing on peaq, led by MachineX, has recovered from its trough but remains far below its peak month.","independent":{"value":"MachineX, the busiest application on peaq, billed $21,222 over the trailing 30 days, re-read 2026-10-20 ($23,854 on 2026-09-24, $21,201 on 2026-09-18, and $5,103 when this was first authored), so application billing has levelled off well below the peak month of $166,363 in October 2025.","source":"DeFiLlama machinex-cl fees adapter (430-day daily series)"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"info"},{"metric":"open_source_footprint","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"peaq's parachain node is public on GitHub under the Apache-2.0 licence and is actively maintained.","independent":{"value":"Re-read 2026-09-18 through the GitHub API: 43 non-fork public repositories in github.com/peaqnetwork (100 public in total, 57 of them forks), 8 with no licence file and 32 not pushed in 180 days. The core peaq-network-node (the Substrate/Polkadot parachain node) is Apache-2.0, 81 stars, not archived, pushed 2026-07-20. The chain node and pallets are public under a permissive licence.","source":"GitHub REST API (orgs/peaqnetwork/repos), re-read 2026-09-18"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"info"},{"metric":"validator_set_and_selection","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"claim","verdict":"match","claim_holds_up":true,"claim":{"quote":"Validators need to provide a staking deposit to run a Validator node to have “skin in the game”. Delegators can delegate their stake to Validators of their choice in order to back them. Only those Validators with enough backing (stake) are able to produce blocks.","source_url":"https://docs.peaq.xyz/peaqchain/learn/tokenomics","archive_url":null,"date":null},"reported":{"value":"Validators post a staking deposit; only those with enough backing produce blocks","source":"peaq docs, Tokenomics page","self_reported":null},"independent":{"value":"The set is small and the selection is not currently a contest. Session.Validators holds 33 active validators, ParachainStaking.CounterForCandidatePool holds 33 candidates, and MaxSelectedCandidates is 42, so every candidate that exists is selected and the 'only those with enough backing' filter does not bind on anyone today. Stake behind those 33 is concentrated: the largest holds 14.2% of total backing, three reach a third, five reach half, and the top ten hold 74.8%. Skin in the game is thin in the literal sense: TotalCollatorStake splits as 2,264,713 PEAQ posted by validators against 1,222,689,348 PEAQ delegated, so validators put up about 0.18% of the stake standing behind them.","source":"peaq Substrate RPC (peaq.api.onfinality.io) state_getStorage: Session.Validators, ParachainStaking.TopCandidates / CounterForCandidatePool / MaxSelectedCandidates / TotalCollatorStake, 2026-08-16"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"medium"},{"metric":"nakamoto_coefficient_claim","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"claim","verdict":"inflated","claim_holds_up":false,"claim":{"quote":"Funds in this pool are used to add additional security to peaq, such as the purchase of Coretime, which significantly increases peaq’s security and censorship resistance and provides peaq with the highest Nakamoto Coefficients [decentralization index] in the industry.","source_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260518124102/https://docs.peaq.xyz/peaqchain/learn/tokenomics","archive_url":null,"date":null},"reported":{"value":"Highest Nakamoto Coefficients in the industry","source":"peaq docs, Tokenomics page (Internet Archive capture of 2026-05-18)","self_reported":null},"independent":{"value":"Not supported on the layer peaq operates. Taking the Nakamoto coefficient in its usual sense, the smallest number of entities that must collude to control a subsystem, peaq's block production reads 3 on 2026-09-29 (4 on 2026-09-24, 3 on 2026-09-18): three validators hold a third of total backing. Measured the same way in the same fortnight, Oasis needs seven entities to reach a third of active escrow, and Flux needs eleven distinct producers to reach half its blocks. The claim is defensible only if it is read as being about the Polkadot Relay Chain's validator set, which peaq buys Coretime from and does not itself operate.","source":"peaq Substrate RPC (peaq.api.onfinality.io) ParachainStaking.TopCandidates stake distribution, 2026-08-16; compared against OYM in-corpus measurements for Oasis (nexus.oasis.io validator escrow) and Flux (explorer.runonflux.io block producers), both 2026-08-16"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"medium"},{"metric":"chain_tvl","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"Little DeFi capital sits on peaq: chain TVL is well under a million dollars.","independent":{"value":"$897,443 total value locked across peaq chains, re-read 2026-09-29 ($785,427 on 2026-09-24, $677,752 on 2026-09-18).","source":"DeFiLlama /v2/chains"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"info"},{"metric":"liquidity_depth","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"PEAQ trades on Kraken, KuCoin, Gate, MEXC, Bitget and Crypto.com with thin but evenly spread depth; Binance has no PEAQ spot pair.","independent":{"value":"25 tickers on 20 venues on CoinGecko, re-read 2026-10-20 (29 on 2026-10-07, 40 on 2026-09-29, 47 on 2026-09-24). Kraken, KuCoin, Gate, MEXC, Bitget and Crypto.com Exchange all trade PEAQ, Binance's exchangeInfo returns PEAQUSDT as an invalid symbol, and depth is thin but spread, the largest venue (a PancakeSwap pool on BSC) at 17.4% of 24h volume and Gate at 14.1%.","source":"CoinGecko tickers + market_chart, read 2026-09-06 (paginated ticker set, 7-day turnover median)"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"high"},{"metric":"consensus_censorship_surface","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"Collator entry on peaq is open because the candidate pool is below the slot cap, and collators post a fraction of a percent of the stake behind them.","independent":{"value":"Collator selection is currently uncontested: there are fewer candidates than slots. 33 active collators against 42 slots, so selection is uncontested, with collators posting 0.19% of the stake and the rest delegated.","source":"substrate-peaq consensus read via scripts/refresh-validator-sets.ts, read 2026-09-07"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"medium"},{"metric":"issued_supply_onchain","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"claim","verdict":"match","claim_holds_up":true,"claim":{"quote":"The inflation rate is initially set at 3.5%, ensuring sufficient incentives for early adopters. However, the inflation rate will decrease annually by 10% and will stabilize once the network reaches 1% inflation, following a disinflationary model.","source_url":"https://docs.peaq.xyz/peaqchain/learn/tokenomics","archive_url":null,"date":null},"reported":{"value":"Inflation starts at 3.5% and falls 10% a year to a 1% floor","source":"peaq docs, Tokenomics page","self_reported":null},"independent":{"value":"Issued supply reads 4,441,653,521 PEAQ on chain, against 4,200,000,000 at genesis, so emissions have added roughly six percent since launch. 28.35% of the issued total is bonded behind 33 collators.","source":"peaq RPC state_getStorage Balances.TotalIssuance via scripts/refresh-validator-sets.ts, read 2026-09-07"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"medium"},{"metric":"holder_concentration","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","record_type":"finding","verdict":"established","claim_holds_up":false,"finding":"Ten unattributed accounts hold 39.08% of issued PEAQ, one of them 19.01%, and none of the ten is a pallet account.","independent":{"value":"Every account on the chain was enumerated rather than sampled: 3,393,045 System.Account entries against Balances.TotalIssuance of 4,446,080,550 PEAQ. Ten accounts hold 39.08% of issuance and one of them holds 19.01% (845,247,094 PEAQ) on its own; the next largest is 3.27%. Not one of the top ten is a pallet account, checked by the raw b\"modl\" prefix that identifies every pallet account whatever its id, so none of this is protocol plumbing. The largest positions are staked. The 19.01% account carries a Balances.Locks entry with lock id \"peaqstak\" over 249,555,360 PEAQ, and the 2.30% account carries one over 101,000,000 PEAQ of its 102,075,124 total. peaq's own explorer classifies both as Role: Nominator and shows 679 and 330 reward events respectively, so these are not dormant positions. Attribution to a named entity is still not possible: On-chain Identity reads Not Set, the Subscan profile is Hidden, and no label exists for any of the ten.","source":"state_getKeysPaged over the System.Account prefix (3,394 pages of 1,000, the node's cap) with state_queryStorageAt per page, plus Balances.TotalIssuance, Balances.Locks, Balances.Reserves, Vesting.Vesting and five ParachainStaking storage items, all keyless via peaq.api.onfinality.io, read 2026-09-20 and re-probed 2026-09-21; account roles and reward counts from the public peaq.subscan.io web pages, read 2026-09-21"},"assessed_date":"2026-09-24","severity":"medium"}],"facts":[{"metric":"defillama_peaq_fees","assessment_level":"onchain-reconciled","kind":"measured","flag":"undercount","positive_control":false,"severity":"high","detail":"DeFiLlama peaq fee adapter reports $114 all-time gross fees; Token Terminal (Fresh, Jun 10 2026) shows ~$99K all-time. DeFiLlama undercounts peaq by ~850x - do not use it for peaq.","assessed_date":"2026-06-12"}]}}